{"id":7611,"date":"2026-06-17T14:48:16","date_gmt":"2026-06-17T14:48:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jxlampshade.com\/how-to-measure-a-cut-glass-lamp-shade\/"},"modified":"2026-06-17T14:54:09","modified_gmt":"2026-06-17T14:54:09","slug":"%d9%83%d9%8a%d9%81%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%82%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%b3-%d8%ba%d8%b7%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d9%85%d8%b5%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%ad-%d8%b2%d8%ac%d8%a7%d8%ac%d9%8a-%d9%85%d9%82%d8%b5%d9%88%d8%b5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jxlampshade.com\/ar\/how-to-measure-a-cut-glass-lamp-shade\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0635 (\u0627\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"direct-answer\"><strong>\u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f: \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 (\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 (\u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0643.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0648\u062c\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a. \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0635\u062f\u0639 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u0646. \u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \\.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/jxlampshade.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/how-to-measure-a-cut-glass-lamp-shade-hero.png\" alt=\"\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0648\u0639 \u2014 \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0637\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0638\u0644 \u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0637\u0648\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0648 \u062f\u0627\u0641\u0626\" \/><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064b\u0627<\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0638\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0648\u0639 \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d\u0643 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0623\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 1\/8 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0633\u064a\u0647\u062a\u0632 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0636\u0641\u0627\u0636. \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u061b \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0634\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628: \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a<\/h3>\n<p>\u0643\u0644 \u0638\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0637\u0648\u0639 \u0644\u0647 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0637\u062d\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0641\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 <strong>\u0634\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628<\/strong>. \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0634\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629) \u0648\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0647\u0648 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a<\/strong>, \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u201c<\/p>\n<p>\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \\.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0638\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0637\u0648\u0639 \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0635\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u00bc \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u2013 \u00bd \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d. \u062a\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0641\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0623\u0636\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0647.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h3>\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0642\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0638\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0629 2\u00be \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d (\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628) \u0647\u0648 2\u00bc \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629. \u062d\u062f\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644\u0627\u0644.<\/h3>\n<p>\u0623\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cmog.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0641 \u0643\u0648\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0646\u062c \u0644\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c<\/a> \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0638\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0642\u0637\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0648\u0634\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628. \u0627\u0644\u0640.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0638\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u0645\u062d\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645.<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628<\/th>\n<th>\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a<\/th>\n<th>\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/td>\n<td>1\u215d \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 (\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 42 \u0645\u0645)<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u061b \u0642\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2\u00bc \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 (~57\u0645\u0645)<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>3\u00bc \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 (~83\u0645\u0645)<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td>\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u062d\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0646\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>4 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a (~102\u0645\u0645)<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td>1910s\u20131940s<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>6 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a (~152\u0645\u0645)<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0642\u0641\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0646\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 2\u00bc \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631\u064a. \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0641\u062d \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u0646\u0627 <a href=\"https:\/\/jxlampshade.com\/ar\/%d8%b8%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%84-%d9%85%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%ad-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b2%d8%ac%d8%a7%d8%ac-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%82%d8%b7%d9%88%d8%b9\/\">\u0638\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629<\/a>, \u060c \u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b: \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u060c \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u060c \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645. \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d. \u0642\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 1: \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0636\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0641\u0643\u0651 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0636\u0639 \u0641\u0643\u0651\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a. \u0627\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0623\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 0.5 \u0645\u0645 (\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 1\/32 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629). \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c.<\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0637 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0631\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u062d\u0644 \u0645\u0624\u0642\u062a: \u0644\u0641\u0651\u0647 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0648\u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0644\u0649 3.14159 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0642\u0637\u0631\u0647 2\u00bc \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 7\u215b \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d\u0643. \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644 (\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0630\u0631\u0639\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0633) \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u0639\u0644\u0642. \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0636\u0645\u0646 1\/16 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 2: \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 (\u064a\u064f\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 <strong>\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644<\/strong> or <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a<\/strong>) \u064a\u064f\u0642\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0637\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644.<\/p>\n<p>\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629. \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0643\u062a\u0641 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644. \u0627\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0638\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0648\u0639\u060c \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0628: \u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064d \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0642\u0636\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0646\u0632\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0645\u0633\u0643\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0638\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0646\u0632\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 3: \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0638\u0644<\/h3>\n<p>\u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0638\u0644: \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0633 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0637. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0642\u0637\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0648\u0639 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627: \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0645\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0647\u0648\u0628\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0642\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0642\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0638\u0644.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639. \u0643\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0638\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 2-3 \u0623\u0636\u0639\u0627\u0641 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0647 \u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/jxlampshade.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/how-to-measure-a-cut-glass-lamp-shade-types.png\" alt=\"\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0648\u0639 \u2014 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a \u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0638\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0648\u0639 \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\" \/><\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a<\/th>\n<th>\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a<\/th>\n<th>\u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>1\u215d \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629\u201d<\/td>\n<td>3\u2033\u20134\u00bd\u201d<\/td>\n<td>4\u2033\u20135\u00bd\u201d<\/td>\n<td>\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0641\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0631\u0627<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2\u00bc \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629\u201d<\/td>\n<td>4\u2033\u20137\u2033<\/td>\n<td>5\u2033\u20138\u2033<\/td>\n<td>\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0631\u0633\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0638\u0644 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0663\u00bc \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629\u201d<\/td>\n<td>6\u2033\u20139\u2033<\/td>\n<td>8\u2033\u201312\u2033<\/td>\n<td>\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0632\u062e\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0646\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>4\u2033<\/td>\n<td>8\u2033\u201312\u2033<\/td>\n<td>10\u2033\u201316\u2033<\/td>\n<td>\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0631\u0634\u064a\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>6\u2033<\/td>\n<td>10\u2033\u201318\u2033<\/td>\n<td>12\u2033\u201320\u2033<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0648\u0639<\/h2>\n<p>\u0638\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0648\u0639 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0638\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0641\u062e \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629: \u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0631-\u0644\u064a\u0628. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0641\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644<\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cut_glass\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0642\u0637\u0648\u0639<\/a>, \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 (1876\u20131917)\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0647\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0633\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0644\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a. \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u062b\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0645\u0643\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0641\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644.<\/p>\n<p>\u0633\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629. \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0638\u0644 \u0628\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 2\u00bc \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0647 2\u00be \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631. \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0633\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631. \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d\u0643 (\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644)\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0641\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0634\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0642\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a: \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0647\u0627. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0634\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0634\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644. \u0633\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0630\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0628\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d<\/h3>\n<p>\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0638\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0646\u0648\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 (\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644) \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0645\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0630\u0631\u0639 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0633\u060c \u062a\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0634\u0641\u062a\u0647. \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0630\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0646\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a \u0648\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0629. \u064a\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0646\u0629. \u0623\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0642\u062f. \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0634\u0628\u0643 \u0644\u0645\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 (\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0643\u0628\u0648\u062a) \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0634\u0628\u0643 \u0645\u0632\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0632\u0646\u0628\u0631\u0643 \u064a\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d\u060c \u0645\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644\u0627\u0644\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f. \u0627\u0644 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lamp_base\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0623\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a \u0625\u062f\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u062a\u060c \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0628\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d.<\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0643\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0633: \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0630\u0631\u0639 \u0647\u0648 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632 \u0647\u0648 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0632\u0646\u0628\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0633 \u0647\u0648 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0628\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0638\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0648\u0639\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 1895 \u0625\u0644\u0649 1910\u060c \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 <strong>\u0634\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0642<\/strong>: \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u0646\u0632\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0641\u0648\u0642\u0647\u0627. \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0647\u062c (\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649) \u064a\u0639\u0637\u064a \u0631\u0642\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0630\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0642: \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0623\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0638\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f 2\u00bc \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0647\u062c \u0644\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0642\u0637\u0631 2\u00bc \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0642 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0647\u0648 2\u215b \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629. \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633: \u0639\u0646\u0642 \u0628\u0642\u0637\u0631 2\u00bc \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 2\u215d \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0647\u062c\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0643\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0638\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 <a href=\"https:\/\/jxlampshade.com\/ar\/%d9%83%d9%8a%d9%81%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%b9%d8%b1%d9%81-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%89-%d8%b8%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b5%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%ad-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b2%d8%ac%d8%a7%d8%ac%d9%8a\/\">\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0642<\/a> \u064a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0636\u064a\u064a\u0642 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u0642 \u0639\u0646\u0642 \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f\u064b\u0627<\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0648\u0639 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a \u0642\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0641\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644. \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644 \u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f\u064b\u0627. \u0642\u0633 \u0642\u0637\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a: \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0643 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628. \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0638\u0644\u060c \u0636\u0645\u0646 1\/16 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0639\u0628\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0642\u0637\u0631 2\u00bc \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629: \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0638\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0642\u0637\u0631 2\u00bc \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0642\u0637\u0631 3\u00bc \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629: \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0638\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0642\u0637\u0631 3\u00bc \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0642\u0637\u0631 4 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629: \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0638\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0642\u0637\u0631 4 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0634\u0648\u0647\u0629 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b (\u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0628\u0631\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629)\u060c \u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0637\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0648\u062e\u0630 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0633 \u0648\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629. \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0623\u0630\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644. \u064a\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0643 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644. \u0627\u0637\u0631\u062d \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0633\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a (\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 3\/16 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629) \u0645\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0638\u0644 \u062a\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0637\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0628\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 2\u00bc \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0644\u0645\u0628\u0629 A19 (\u0637\u0648\u0644 4.6 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629)\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a 5\u00bd \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/jxlampshade.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/how-to-measure-a-cut-glass-lamp-shade-howto.png\" alt=\"\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0648\u0639 \u2014 \u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0639\u062a\u064a\u0642\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0640 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.si.edu\/mci\/english\/learn_more\/taking_care\/glass.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u062d\u0641 \u0633\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0633\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/a> \u064a\u0648\u0635\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633. \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0632\u064a\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0641\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0638\u0644 \u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0637\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0638\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0635\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0645\u062d\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 (Libbey\u060c Hawkes\u060c Dorflinger\u060c Pairpoint)\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cmog.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0645\u062a\u062d\u0641 \u0643\u0648\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0646\u063a \u0644\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c<\/a>, \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0643 \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631.<\/p>\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0643\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0647 \u0648\u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0646\u0627 <a href=\"https:\/\/jxlampshade.com\/ar\/%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%a8%d8%af%d8%a7%d9%84-%d8%ba%d8%b7%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d9%85%d8%b5%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%ad-%d8%b2%d8%ac%d8%a7%d8%ac%d9%8a-%d8%b9%d8%aa%d9%8a%d9%82\/\">\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0638\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/a> \u064a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0633\u0627\u062e\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0637 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0623\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0638\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0628\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d\u060c \u0648\u0622\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d\u060c \u0648\u0638\u0644 \u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0628\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 2.25\u060c \u0648\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 4 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a\u060c \u064a\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629: \u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d\u064a\u061f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628<\/h3>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d<\/th>\n<th>\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a<\/th>\n<th>\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0648\u0639<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>1\u215d \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629\u201d<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0645<\/td>\n<td>\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1920<\/td>\n<td>\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0639\u0629\u061b \u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2\u00bc \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629\u201d<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0637\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 25\u201360 \u0648\u0627\u0637.<\/td>\n<td>\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0663\u00bc \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629\u201d<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0637\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 60\u2013100 \u0648\u0627\u0637.<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0635\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>4\u2033<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0637\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 100\u2013150 \u0648\u0627\u0637.<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0631\u0634\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>6\u2033<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0642\u060c \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0633\u0642\u0641<\/td>\n<td>\u063a\u0627\u0632\/\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0646\u0629\u061b \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d LED \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0647\u062c\u0629. \u0627\u0644 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.energy.gov\/energysaver\/led-lighting\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0624\u0643\u062f<\/a> \u0623\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0644 LED \u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d A19\u060c G25\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a. \u064a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u062d\u062c\u0645 60 \u0648\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d A19 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0647\u062c \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d LED \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0639 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0643 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u0628\u0643 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0646. \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0643 \u064a\u0642\u0631\u0623 2\u215c \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a 2\u00bc \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u06483\u00bc \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629. \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0636\u0645\u0646 1\/16 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a:<\/strong> \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0642\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u062a\u0631\u0626\u0629. \u062c\u0631\u0628 \u0623\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a. \u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u062d\u062c\u0645 2\u00bc \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 2\u215c \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0641\u0636\u0641\u0627\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646:<\/strong> \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a (\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0628\u0648\u0647\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0647\u0648 <strong>\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0645<\/strong> (\u0645\u064f\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a \u064a\u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0622\u062e\u0631) \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0638\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0638\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c:<\/strong> \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649. \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062f. \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626\u0629 \u064a\u064f\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0623\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646: \u0623\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629<\/h3>\n<p><strong>\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a:<\/strong> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0643\u0648\u0643 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646). \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u00b10.5\u0645\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0644 150\u0645\u0645 (6 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a) \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u062d\u062a\u0649 6 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a\u061b \u0648\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c 200\u0645\u0645 (8 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a) \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0638\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0646. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a. \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0648\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0638\u0644 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u064a\u0645. \u0636\u0639 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644 \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064d \u0648\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0639\u0631\u0636:<\/strong> \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u064a\u062f. \u0644\u0641\u0647 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0627\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u060c \u0627\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 3.14159. \u0623\u0648 \u0636\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u0637\u0631\u062a\u064a \u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0638\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u0628\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0637 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0634 \u0644\u0623\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0637 \u0642\u0645\u0627\u0634 \u0645\u0647\u062a\u0631\u0626 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0623\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0645.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0638\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0648\u0639<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a.<\/strong> \u0636\u0639 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0643\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 10%\u201320% \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c.<\/strong> \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623.<\/strong> \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0638\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0621. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0638\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0637\u060c \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0642.<\/strong> \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0643 56 \u0645\u0644\u0645 (2.2 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629)\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 57 \u0645\u0644\u0645 (2\u00bc \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0649 42 \u0645\u0644\u0645 (1\u215d \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629). \u0627\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0628.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0629.<\/strong> \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0638\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u064a\u0639\u0637\u064a \u0631\u0642\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0642. \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0642 \u0647\u0648 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0642. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629<\/h2>\n<h3>\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0638\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0648\u0639\u061f<\/h3>\n<p>\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0638\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644 \u064a\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d. \u0638\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u062d\u062c\u0645 2\u00bc \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u0637\u0631 2\u00bc \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 (57 \u0645\u0644\u0645). \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d\u0643. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636\u061b \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0642.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0644\u0638\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629\u061f<\/h3>\n<p>\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0642 2\u00bc \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 (57 \u0645\u0644\u0645) \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0638\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a 2\u00bc \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0644 \u0638\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0637\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0640 2\u00bc \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629. \u064a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0645\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 1890 \u0625\u0644\u0649 1940.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0648\u0639 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u061f<\/h3>\n<p>\u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0643 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u062b\u0642\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0633 \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0641\u064a 2 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0648\u0639\u061f<\/h3>\n<p>\u0646\u0639\u0645\u060c \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629. \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u062a\u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c \u0645\u0646 2\u00bc \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 3\u00bc \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646 3\u00bc \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 2\u00bc \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629. \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u060c \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0636\u062e\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0648\u0633 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0633 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0648\u0639\u0629\u061f<\/h3>\n<p>\u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0647 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0636\u064a\u0651\u0642 \u064a\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0642 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a. \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644. \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a \u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0634\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0642\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0642. \u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627. \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0638\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0646\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a\u061b \u0648\u0638\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0638\u0644 \u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0646\u0629 (\u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633) \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u063a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d\u064a\u061f<\/h3>\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d LED \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 A19 (\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627 4.6 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629)\u060c \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0646 5 \u0625\u0644\u0649 5\u00bd \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 1 \u0625\u0644\u0649 2 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0628\u0633 \u0632\u062e\u0631\u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/jxlampshade.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/how-to-measure-a-cut-glass-lamp-shade-closing.png\" alt=\"\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0648\u0639 \u2014 \u0638\u0644 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0641\u0626\u0629\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u062b\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0642 (\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629) \u0645\u0639 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627. \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0648\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644 \u064a\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0648\u0639 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627: \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0647\u062c. \u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0633\u0645\u0643 \u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a. \u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0631\u0643\u0628 (\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0634\u0628\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0629) \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642. \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629. \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f\u064b\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0643 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0633 \u0648\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0635\u0641\u062d <a href=\"https:\/\/jxlampshade.com\/ar\/%d8%b8%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%84-%d9%85%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%ad-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b2%d8%ac%d8%a7%d8%ac-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%82%d8%b7%d9%88%d8%b9\/\">\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0638\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/a> \u0645\u064f\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0631\u0643\u0628. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u0628\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0645\u064f\u0631\u0643\u0628 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0646\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0644\u0629<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jxlampshade.com\/ar\/%d8%b8%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%84-%d9%85%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%ad-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b2%d8%ac%d8%a7%d8%ac-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%82%d8%b7%d9%88%d8%b9\/\">\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0638\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0648\u0639\u0629<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jxlampshade.com\/ar\/%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%a8%d8%af%d8%a7%d9%84-%d8%ba%d8%b7%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d9%85%d8%b5%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%ad-%d8%b2%d8%ac%d8%a7%d8%ac%d9%8a-%d8%b9%d8%aa%d9%8a%d9%82\/\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0642<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jxlampshade.com\/ar\/%d9%83%d9%8a%d9%81%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%b9%d8%b1%d9%81-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%89-%d8%b8%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b5%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%ad-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b2%d8%ac%d8%a7%d8%ac%d9%8a\/\">\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0638\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jxlampshade.com\/ar\/%d8%b8%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%84-%d9%85%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%ad-%d8%b2%d8%ac%d8%a7%d8%ac%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%b9%d8%aa%d9%8a%d9%82%d8%a9\/\">\u0638\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0642: \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jxlampshade.com\/ar\/%d8%b8%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%84-%d9%85%d8%b5%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%ad-%d8%b2%d8%ac%d8%a7%d8%ac%d9%8a-%d8%b9%d8%aa%d9%8a%d9%82-%d9%84%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%ad-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d8%a7%d9%88%d9%84\/\">\u0638\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jxlampshade.com\/ar\/%d8%b8%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%84-%d9%85%d8%b5%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%ad-%d8%b2%d8%ac%d8%a7%d8%ac-%d8%af%d9%8a%d9%83%d9%88-%d8%a2%d8%b1%d8%aa\/\">\u0638\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0631\u062a \u062f\u064a\u0643\u0648<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u060c \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649. \u064a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7607,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"default","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[209],"class_list":["post-7611","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-glass-lampshade-solutions","tag-cut-glass-lamp-shades"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/jxlampshade.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7611","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/jxlampshade.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/jxlampshade.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jxlampshade.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jxlampshade.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7611"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/jxlampshade.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7611\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7613,"href":"https:\/\/jxlampshade.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7611\/revisions\/7613"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jxlampshade.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7607"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/jxlampshade.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7611"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jxlampshade.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7611"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jxlampshade.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7611"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}